Educational System in Spain

Moving to Spain with your family comes with many considerations, one of the most important being understanding the educational system. Spain offers a variety of options, from public to private schools, and even homeschooling. This guide aims to provide expats with a comprehensive overview of the Spanish educational system, including stages of education, enrollment processes, language considerations, and the availability of private and international schools.

What are the main stages of education in Spain and what are the names of those stages?

The Spanish educational system is divided into four main stages: Education Infantil (Nursery and Preschool), Educación Primaria (Primary Education), Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (Compulsory Secondary Education), and Bachillerato (Post-Compulsory Education). Additionally, there are university studies and further education options.

Educación Infantil (Nursery and Preschool)

Educación Infantil caters to children from 0 to 6 years old and is divided into two cycles. The first cycle is for children under 3 years old, and the second cycle is for children aged 3 to 6. This stage focuses on developing basic skills and socialization. Although it is not compulsory, most children in Spain attend preschool from the age of 3.

Educación Primaria (Primary Education)

Educación Primaria is compulsory and free for all children aged 6 to 12. It is divided into three cycles: first cycle (6-8 years), second cycle (8-10 years), and third cycle (10-12 years). The curriculum focuses on basic subjects such as mathematics, language, natural and social sciences, art, and physical education.

Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (Compulsory Secondary Education)

Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) is compulsory and free for students aged 12 to 16. It is divided into two cycles: first cycle (12-14 years) and second cycle (14-16 years). The curriculum includes core subjects and electives, aiming to provide students with a broad range of knowledge and skills.

Bachillerato (Post-Compulsory Education)

Bachillerato is a non-compulsory stage for students aged 16 to 18. It is divided into two academic years and focuses on preparing students for university or higher vocational training. Students can choose between different modalities, such as Sciences, Humanities, or Arts, depending on their interests and future plans.

How does a newcomer from a different country enroll their kids in school?

To enroll your children in a Spanish school, you will need to visit the admissions department of the selected school or the local education authority. Required documents typically include proof of identity (passport or residence permit), proof of address, and previous school records. Some schools may have specific catchment areas, so it's essential to check with the local authority. Enrollment periods vary, so be sure to check the deadlines.

My children are still learning Spanish, can they enroll in a public school?

Yes, children still learning Spanish can enroll in public schools. Spanish public schools are required to accept students regardless of their language proficiency. Many schools offer additional language support for non-native speakers to help them integrate into the classroom. However, it's essential to consider the potential challenges your child may face while learning a new language and adapting to a new environment.

Are there public bilingual schools? (Where are they and how do international students get admitted)

Yes, there are public bilingual schools in Spain, particularly in regions with co-official languages such as Catalonia, the Basque Country, and Galicia. Additionally, some public schools offer bilingual programs in English, French, or German. These schools are highly sought after, and admission can be competitive. International students can apply for these schools, but the process may vary depending on the region. It's best to contact the local education authority for specific information on the application process.

What types of private schools are common in Spain?

Private schools in Spain can be categorized into three main types: independent private schools (colegios privados), state-funded private schools (colegios concertados), and international schools. Independent private schools are entirely funded by tuition fees, while state-funded private schools receive government subsidies. international schools offer various curricula, such as British, American, or International Baccalaureate, and often cater to expat families.

Do expats typically send their children to public or private school? How expensive are Private schools in Spain?

The choice between public and private schools depends on personal preferences, budget, and specific needs. Many expats opt for public schools due to their quality and the opportunity for language immersion. However, private schools, especially international schools, are popular among expats seeking a specific curriculum or a more global environment. The cost of private schools in Spain varies significantly, ranging from around €300 to over €1000 per month, depending on the school's location, facilities, and curriculum.

Are you allowed to homeschool while living in Spain?

Homeschooling is not widely recognized or regulated in Spain, and it is generally not encouraged by the Spanish education system. Compulsory education in Spain is designed to be completed in schools. However, some families may choose to homeschool their children, often due to special circumstances. It's essential to research and understand the potential challenges and legal implications before deciding to homeschool in Spain.

May kids attend online school instead of a local school while living in Spain?

Online schooling is an option for expat families living in Spain, especially those who prefer an international curriculum or require flexibility. Several international online schools cater to students worldwide, offering various curricula and programs. However, it's essential to ensure that the chosen online school is accredited and recognized. Additionally, consider the potential challenges of online learning, such as time zone differences and the need for self-motivation.