10 Things to Know Before Moving to Estonia

Moving to Estonia as an expat can be an exciting adventure, but it’s important to be prepared for the unique aspects of life in this Baltic gem. From digital innovation to chilly winters, here are 10 essential things to know before making the move.

1. Embrace the Digital Society

Estonia is a global leader in e-governance, offering digital solutions for almost everything. As an expat, you’ll quickly encounter the ID card, which serves as your digital signature for banking, taxes, and even voting. For example, setting up a company can be done online in just a few hours—something that surprises many newcomers. Public services are streamlined, but be prepared for a learning curve if you’re used to paper-based systems.

2. Winters Are Long and Dark

The climate can be a shock, especially for those from sunnier regions. From November to March, daylight is scarce, and temperatures often drop below freezing. Investing in warm clothing, vitamin D supplements, and finding winter hobbies—like ice skating on frozen lakes—can help you cope. Locals often joke that the key to survival is a good jacket and a positive attitude.

3. English Proficiency Is High

While Estonian is the official language, you’ll find that most people under 50 speak excellent English. This makes daily life easier, but learning basic Estonian phrases (like "Tere" for hello) is appreciated. For instance, in Tallinn’s cafes, staff often switch effortlessly to English, but rural areas may require more effort.

4. Cost of Living Varies by Location

Tallinn is pricier than smaller towns, but still affordable compared to Western Europe. A one-bedroom apartment in the city center averages around €700, while groceries are reasonably priced. However, dining out or imported goods can add up. For example, a latte in a trendy café might cost €3.50, but a meal at a mid-range restaurant could be €15-20.

5. Public Transport Is Efficient and Affordable

Tallinn’s public transport system is reliable, with trams, buses, and trains connecting key areas. Residents even enjoy free public transport within the city. In contrast, rural areas may require a car. For example, a monthly pass for zones outside Tallinn costs around €23, making commuting manageable.

6. The Work Culture Values Independence

Estonian workplaces often emphasize autonomy and efficiency. Meetings are typically concise, and small talk is minimal. For instance, a software developer might be given a task with little supervision but expected to deliver results promptly. Adapting to this style can be refreshing for those used to hierarchical structures.

7. Nature Is Everywhere

Forests cover half the land, and access to nature is a way of life. Locals often forage for berries and mushrooms—a tradition you can join. For example, Lahemaa National Park, just an hour from Tallinn, offers hiking trails and coastal views, making it a popular weekend escape.

8. Bureaucracy Is Minimal but Can Be Slow

While digital services streamline many processes, some paperwork—like residence permits—can take time. An American expat might wait weeks for approval, so starting early is key. However, once settled, renewals are often simpler.

9. The Food Scene Is Growing

Traditional dishes like black bread and elk stew are staples, but Tallinn’s culinary scene is evolving. From vegan cafes to gourmet Nordic cuisine, there’s something for everyone. For instance, the Balti Jaam Market showcases local produce and international flavors under one roof.

10. Community Matters

Expats often find support through groups like "Expats in Estonia" on Facebook or local meetups. Estonians may seem reserved at first, but once you break the ice, they’re loyal friends. For example, joining a hobby club—like a choir or sports team—can help build connections.