What are the visa & residency requirements in Rotterdam?

"In order to visit Rotterdam, visitors must obtain a Schengen visa from the Dutch embassy or consulate in their home country. The Schengen visa is valid for up to 90 days and allows visitors to travel freely within the Schengen area. To apply for a Schengen visa, applicants must submit a valid passport, a completed application form, two passport-sized photographs, proof of travel insurance, and proof of sufficient funds. In order to stay in Rotterdam for longer than 90 days, visitors must apply for a residence permit. To apply for a residence permit, applicants must submit a valid passport, a completed application form, two passport-sized photographs, proof of travel insurance, proof of sufficient funds, and proof of a valid reason for staying in the Netherlands. Depending on the purpose of the stay, applicants may also need to provide additional documents such as a work contract, a study contract, or a marriage certificate," said another expat in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.